Horizontal-disk pulverizer



1949- J. NIETHAMER 2,478,937

HORIZONTAL-DISK PULVERIZER Filed Feb. 28, 1946 s Sheets-Sheet 1 mm I F I Ju/ius Niefhamer Aug. 16, 1949.

J. NIETHAMER HORIZONTAL-DI SK PULVERI ZER 3 Sheets$heet 3 Filed Feb. 28, 1946 Patent ed Aug. 16, 1949 UNITED STATES eA sNr oFF cs w r i 2;478,93f7 HORIZONTALarsriIPtiLvEitizEit;

Julius Nietharner, wi ite ton grii'r. v u Application February 28, 1946,:Serial'No. 650,89 .z -7

Thisinvention relates to pulverizers and, more particularly, to a rotary disk pulverizer having a grinding and shearing action on the material worked upon.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a pulverizer of the type which includes a disk rotatable about a vertical axis and having an upwardly disposed working {face cooperating with the downwardly disposed working face on 9. Stator disposed thereabove. Working faces on the rotor and stator are intended to be formed with sets of teeth which pulverizefirst by a rough shearing action to break up the materialbeing worked upon, then by finer shearing action to cut the material into substantially uniform particles, and finally by grinding the material. It is further intended to perform the successive steps of pulverization in separate zones progressing radially outward from near, but not at, the centers of the rotor and stator to the peripheries thereof, and to dispose the teeth on the working faces of the rotor and stator at such angles as to exert on'the material a positive outward force as well as a centrifugal force so as to feed the material through the successive working zones. v

Still another object is to provide a simple and a unique arrangement for varying the spacing between the rotor and stator of a pu1verizer.. More specifically, it is proposed herein to support a stator on a bearing ring, the ring being, in turn, supported at angularly spaced points on ears on the pulverizer housing. A plurality of angularly spaced bearing points or feet of varying depth are to be provided on the bearing ring so that the height of the rotor above the stator will depend upon the depth of the particular set of bearing points selected for seating on the housing bearing points. The efiect of this arrangement is selectively to provide coarse, medium, or fine grinding merely by rotating the stator bearing ring so as to bring the desired set of bearing points into play.

Yet another object is to provide a variable feed control for governing the flow of material from a hopper to the working zones. More definitely, it is intended to provide a cone-shaped element supported above the stator by a boss-. like bearing element which extends through the center of the stator, the cone bearing being affixed on the upper end of the motor shaft which drives the rotor so that the cone and its bearing rotate with the rotor. The cone lies within a throat at the bottom of a feed hopper, cones of varying effective height above the cone bearing being provided for varying the throat restriction. 7

Among the other objects is the provision of a turbine rotor removably secured to the periphery of the shearing and grinding rotor for feeding the pulverized material discharged from the Lr-shaped turbine blades inter-rotorngrinding zone to a discharge chute. In this connection it is intended to provide turbine blades substantially L-shaped and nesting with. their inner angles complimentarywith the lower, outerangle of the rotor, the legs of the being sufiiciently high as to overlap, a portion ofthe stator periphery. It is also-,intendedto provide a ring for sup portingthe turbine blades on the rotor, the ring being so formed as to constitute a seal for preventingmaterial from lodging beneath the rotor. In addition, it is intended to provide a pulveriz wh ch; may be. e i y di s m l and assembled for cleaning. These and other objects will-be apparent flDm the following specifi ati n-a d. awi 'w eh; ;F ig;. 1. is anelevation, partially tion oi the. assembly; I .Fis: 2,, is n e ode ie s o he er pa'rt in t c se o V 7 Fig.3 is a plan view of the stator in inverted positi n;

,, 4 is a l ii view a; the rotor;

Fig.5 is

in vertical seea plan view of the adjustment ring;

Figs. 6 and '7 are detailed sections along lines 6 -6 andl l, respectively, of Fig. 5, and; n

Figs. 8 and9 are elevations illustrating altern e 1 .i

Referring nowto the drawings, in which like referencenumerals denote the same 'or similar elements, the machine as va whole'is shown in Fig. 1 wherein there is shown a flat base 2 havinglegs f4 projecting. upwardly to support the casing} ofan electric motor controlled by an off-on switch 8 connected to a suitable source of electricity, not shown. The fiat top of motor casing 6 supports the base ID of a housing lzsecured onby bolts in recesses II M Housing 2 includes an upstanding, hollow cylindrical portion 16, the base of which accommodates thedrive shaft N3 of the motor enclosed in casing 6. Ball bearings 20 rotatably support shaft It nearthe lower end of housing l2 and a grease cup 22 and passage therefrom is provided in the wall of cylindrical portion 22 for hearing lubrication. I

A tubular rotor driveshaft 24 closely engaged over motor drive shaft I8 and held in non-rotating engagement thereon by a set screw 26 extends upwardlyinto an enlarged cylindrical portion of housing [2, the upper end of the rotor drive shaft being provided with annular, inwardlyflanged shoulders 28 and 30 andterminating in a rectangular; boss 32, as best seen in Fig. 2 for supporting and non-rotatably fitting witha rotorgfl complimentarily formed with a rectangular central opening 36 which non-rotatably fits onrectangular boss 32, and an annular recess 38. in its bottom arranged to nest with shoulders and. A shallow annular recess 40.

surrounding central opening 36 is formed in the top wall of disk 34 for receiving the depending rim 42 of an outwardly flanged skirt 44 on a. combined lock screw and feed control support 46, the screw portion 4B of whiehphreads downwardly into an inwardly threaded axial bore 50 in the top of rotor drive 24.

Of particular importance is the arrangement of and form of teeth on the upper, working face of the substantially fiat, disk-shaped body 52 of rotor 34, these teeth being as seen best in Figs. 2 and 4, and consisting of two sets integral ly formed with disk body 52 both of which sets are skewed so that their inner ends lie count-er clockwise of radii respectively intersecting their outer ends, as seen in one view. The teeth 54 c'loihpiising the larger set terminate at their highest, inner 56 flush the edge of recess so and have straight top edges 58 slopin downwardiy towards their outer ends so, in efiect, as to merge with the upper face of "the body 52 of disk '34 at the point designated 60. It should be further noted that a circumferential portion 52 of the upper face of disk 34 is beveled from point 60 to its "outer periphery, the bevel of portion 62 being at the same angle of slope as the top edges 58 of teeth 54 so as to form a continuation thereof. news-11y, teeth 54 continue from point 6'0 almost to the outer periphcry of bod'y 52', being there defined by slots 64 in the upper face "df body 52. Slots li l are angula i ly spaced from one another so as to define small teeth 66 therebetween, these small teeth beii-i'g skew'ed sin new lia't more than the larger ones 54. The depth of slots on issucn that their bottoms intersect at point It! with the plane of beveled portion 62 so that, at point 61, all teeth 54 and 6B dw indle away, thus leaving -a smooth grinding surface 68 immediately adjacent the outer periphery of disk 34. I

The "underside of rotor 34 is tapped at "several peiihts fo'r fihreale'dly receivin bolts 12 which hold on the Z-sectioned ring 14 of turbine I5, the L sha'ped blades I8 of which are welded -or otherwise rigidly secured to ring T6 with their surfaces radiall disposed. "I nrbine blades 18 e'ach comprise a foot 19 which funderlies the lower edge portion of rotor 34 and a leg 85 which ei'r tends higher than the upper peripheral edge of the rotor so as to overlap the gap between the rotor an stator described below, the turbine in an annular recess 82 the body of housing i2. An outlet chute "8'6 extending from housing may communicates with turbine recess M di-1d, preferably, an outlet tube '38 is connected onfou'tle't chute for removing the ground material.

A 's't ato'r 90 amx'ed above *rotor -34 is -'fcrmed with an annular c'entral o ening 92 "surroundmg the central bess 45-2 or look screw and feed control support 46 so as to allow rritation of the latter therein. While stator '90 is preferably foi me'd of one "integral piece, it may be considered a's'compr-ising-an inner ring "94, an outer ringfl'eind cut-away portions 98 leeivi'ng'spokelike large tee'th IIlfl ther'between. of the teeth of stator '90 'are she-wed in "the manner cit those on rotor 34 but, *in the case of stator $10 the ihherehiisbf the tee'th lie clotikwise =f "radii intersecting their outer'ends' as seen "in plan. in Fig. 3 the stator is "shown inverted. otherwise, stator -90 is somewhat complimentary with ro'to'r 34 in that lar ge teeth 100 are narrowest, :from tbp to bottomgat their e'hds I02 and have lower- "edge's I03 inolined outwardly ena ilotin- Wardly, these edges preferably being beveled so as to present a knife-like edge.

The outer ring portion 96 of stator has its lower face beveled as indicated at I04 so that the portions at the outer ends of the spoke-like large teeth Hill form a continuation thereof, and spaced slots Idfi, which are wedge-shaped in crosssection, define small teeth I08. In detail, slots Hit are deepest at their inner ends I09 so that the eifective height of small teeth I08 is there greatest whereas the slots terminate at Ill) so as to leave a substantially smooth grinding surface I ll adjacent the periphery of stator 90 to mate with the corresponding surface 68 on rotor 34.

Stator-90 is provided with four holes I I2 for attaolinient by four screws 1 26 to an adjustment ring H4. Adjustment ring 144 is generally T'- shaped in cross-section and comprises a depending ring portion I 'I 6 rotatably fitting in the cylind-rieal side wall *II8 of'housing I2, and an inw ardly extending fiange I-2-2 drilled and countersunk at I24 for the screws I 26 which affix it to stator 38. outwardly extending flange I25 on adfiu's'tm'ent ring has its periphery notched. In Fig. 5 it will be observed that there are three spaced sets of notches 123A, [2858, and I280, these sets bei ng selectively engage'able over three pairs of ie'ars 1 3-1! extending outwardly from housing f2, each pair being degrees from the next. While the lower surface of ring :I M is flat at the outer corners of notches 12 8A, as illustrated in Figs. 2, 6, and '7 depending feet 1-323 and 132C extend downwardly from adjacent the'outer corners of notches 12 83 nd 1280, respectively, so "that when ring I I 4 is rotated to "bring the three notches 128A registry with the three pairs of ears I30, ring i i-f4 supports stator "90 above the "position which it would occupy were notches 128A registered with ears l 3 ll'and, of course, below the position which it would occupy were notches IZ'G'C so registered.

A hopper -I34 ha'ving a t its lower-end a reduced throat 136 and arr-outwardly 'fianged flat base I38 also having nine notches 140 at "its outer edge spaced to register with notches 'I'Z-BA, I283, and 'I 2'8C 'fit's flatvvise "over adjustment 'ring H4, the ring "I f4 and hopper base l-BB being held in position by three bolts 148 pivoted at 150 to housing I2 so that they may be swung up between ears l tter-1d into slot FZ'BA, i2 83, or i280, depending upon the position selected "for adjustment ring Ffl and also in to slots Mil, there being wing nuts 146 on bolts -14? tor holding the top assembly down. 'flffdesiredythe inner flange 1220f adjustment ring FMand the "flatbase l38of hopper I34 may be suitably drilled, as at 1 18, for drift pins F50;

"The'com'bin'ed locir screw and feed control support '45 is formed with an annular central boss I 52 which rotates within'annularcentral opening 92 6f stator "Qllfias denoteda'bove. "The top wall of bo'ss 152, which lies j ust higher "than the *upper surface or rotor inn'er disk 94, is formed as an iii-Wardly' fi'an'g'ed shoulder 4'54 and :proj ecting 11pfrom the shoulder 'is an axial post I56 on'whioh fits a feed 'co'ntrol cone -'I53A, 158B, or 586. Each'o'f =th'e cones is provided with a flat bas'e W69 which res'tsoh shoulder I54, and axial bore Hi2 eX tending upwardly from the base for fitting over post I56. A pin I64 is press fitted in a suitableopenin'g through the side vvall of each cone, =the inner end of the pin engaging in an r shaped bayonet-slot fI5'5 which "has a vertical portion-arid e'a f'o'ot p'or'tion extending clockwise therefrom so that a cone may be fitted down on post I56, given a slight turn, and locked in place. On the side of each cone, a stiff wire I68 is soldered so as to lend a slight stirring motion to ma terial fed therepast, the upper end of the wire extending above the cone apex and terminating in a tip I30.

Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate alternate cones I583 and I586 respectively provided with cylindrical bases I603 and I600 for supporting the cones at various levels above shoulder I54, thereby varying the restriction of hopper throat I36.

In operation, wing nuts I46 are loosened so as to allow bolts I46 to be pivoted out from the position shown in Fig. 1 so that hopper I34 can be removed for installing the selected feed control cone I58A, I583, or I580. The cone selection will be based upon the coarseness of the material to be pulverized and the desired rate of feed from the hopper to the shearing and grinding zones. Then, either before or after the hopper is replaced, adjustment ring I I4 is rotated to bring the desired set of slots I23A, I233, or I280 in registry with ears I30 so as to provide the desired spacing between stator 90 and rotor 34. By adjustment of ring II4, a coarse, medium, or fine pulverization can be obtained. Then, with hopper I34 in place, bolts I48 are returned to their Fig. 1 position, wing nuts I46 are tightened, cover I10 is removed, the material to be pulverized is placed in hopper I34, and switch 8 is closed to start motor 6. Assuming that a fine pulverization and a fast feed is desired, the raw material will drop through hopper throat I36, the rotation of the cone I58A skewing to stimulate material flow therepast. From throat I36, the material passes down through the spoke-like teeth I of stator 90, immediately after which it is sheared by the cooperating large teeth 54 and I00 on the rotor and stator. As rotor 34 turns, counter-clockwise as seen in plan, the angularly skewed disposition of its teeth is such that the inner ends lead the outer, thereby forcing the material outwardly as it is roughly sheared. The effect of the angular disposition of stator teeth I00 is likewise such that material forced thereagainst by the rotor will be wedged outwardly. These driving actions, together with centrifugal force, feed the roughly sheared material to the zone between small rotor teeth 66 and small stator teeth I08 (at which points large teeth 54 and I00 have become small) where the roughly sheared material is sheared into small particles. As these small particles are fed outwardly, they are ground between smooth surfaces 68 and III. When the particles have been ground sufliciently to pass out between'the adjacent peripheries of the rotor and stator, they are then engaged by the blades I8 of turbine 16 and impelled to outlet chute 86.

In addition to its functions in grinding per se,

the design of the rotor and turbine is such as to eliminate heat, as is particularly desirable in dry grinding. However, the device is also adapted for use as a colloid mill in that the lock screw 46, rotor 34, and turbine ring I4 substantially prevent passage of material, be it wet or dry, to the space beneath rotor 34 or into cylindrical portion I6 of housing I0.

I claim:

A pulverizer, comprising a housing enclosing a chamber having a side wall, an end member movable with respect to said side wall, a rotor rotatably mounted in said chamber, a stator rigid with said end member and adapted and arranged for spaced cooperation with said rotor, a set of ear pairs projecting from said casing, the ear pairs forming said set being angularly spaced with respect to one another, said end element having a plurality of sets of slots in the edge thereof each set of slots being arranged for registry respectively, with the spaces between the ears forming eachpair with the material of said end member adjacent said slots engaged with said ears, the material adjacent one set of slots being of greater effective extent towards said ears than the material adjacent the others, whereby the spacing between the rotor and stator may be varied by adjustably moving said end element to bring the selected set of slots in registry with said spaces between the ears, bolts pivoted to said casing and adapted to swing between the ears forming each pair and into the selected slots, and nuts on said bolts for securing said end member in selected position.

JULIUS NIETHAMER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

V UNITED STATES PATENTS:

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Harries Oct. 5, 1943 

